The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) implemented a new integrated enforcement policy, applying multiple methods of compliance assurance including compliance assistance programs. In 2002, in order to accurately report the results of regional compliance assistance programs, the agency created The Guide to Measuring Compliance Assistance Outcomes. While providing foundational guidance, the document failed to provide regional program implementers with the necessary methods to accurately collect data for outcome measurements. Existing behavioral modification concepts, The Health Belief Model, the Social Cognitive Theory, and Diffusion of Innovation Theory, were constructed to identify the internal and external influences preventing proper decision-making. These theories provide targeted modification concepts, useful when applying compliance assistance programs. Existing evaluative methods also provide program evaluators with the systems necessary to assess programs and achieve accurate outcome measurements. Incorporation of these behavioral modification theories and models, and measurement techniques, enables compliance assistance programs to achieve greater protection of the environment and public health.